Resumo Capivaras são territoriais e vivem em grupos sociais, ocorrendo comumente em áreas antropizadas. Em algumas regiões do Brasil, estes animais apresentam infestação por carrapatos do gênero Amblyomma, que por sua vez são considerados como principal vetor biológico e reservatório natural da bactéria Rickettsia rickettsii, agente causador da Febre Maculosa Brasileira. Na UFSCar campus Araras, a interação entre capivaras, carrapatos e comunidade acadêmica é frequente, ocorrendo principalmente durante a estação seca. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar um censo populacional das capivaras que ocupam o campus, identificando sua área de uso e se estes roedores se encontravam infestados por carrapatos. Realizou-se observação direta das capivaras, captura-marcação e recaptura com uso de um brete, e também coleta dos carrapatos nas capivaras e no ambiente. Registrou-se um total de 56 capivaras, com densidade de 1,50 ind./ha. Foram capturados 24 animais, sendo 25% machos e 75% fêmeas, dos quais 25% eram adultos, 45,8% jovens e 29,2% filhotes. A espécie de carrapato amplamente encontrada infestando tanto os animais como o ambiente foi A. sculptum. Conclui-se que o grupo de capivaras apresentou um número elevado de indivíduos por causa da abundância de recursos e ausência de predadores, e também com grande infestação por carrapatos.

Abstract Capybaras are territorial animals that live in groups social occurring even in anthropized areas. In some regions of Brazil, these animals have shown high rates of tick infestation from the genus Amblyomma, which can be considered as a main biological vector and natural reservoir of the bacteria Rickettsia rickettsii, an agent that causes Brazilian Spotted Fever. At Federal University of São Carlos, Araras campus, the interaction between capybaras, ticks and the community is frequent, occurring especially during the dry season. This study aimed to carry out a population census of capybaras that occurred on campus, identifying their home-range and verifying if these rodents were infested by ticks. The Applied methods included direct observation of capybara, capture-mark-recapture technique using a trap and also collection of ticks from the capybaras and the environment. The census recorded a maximum number of 56 capybaras, with density of 1.50 individuals/ha. The trap captures accounted for 24 animals, 25% males and 75% females, in which 25% were adult animals, 45.8% juveniles and 29.2% infants. The tick species most found both infesting animals and environment was A. sculptum. In conclusion, the group of capybaras studied showed a high number of individuals of resources and due to the presence the absence of predators, and given the high ticks infestation.

lt's presented a survey of bat species from Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, Paraná State, it has a area of 170.086,76 ha, located in west ofthe Paraná State. A total of 1403 individuais belonging to 26 species were registred.

The bay of the Tibagi river, a place which goes through quick environmental alterations, has three forest fragments: the "Floresta Nacional do Irati" (3.572 ha), the "Reserva Biológica da Klabin" (11.116 ha) and the "Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy" (680 ha). Here, Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy, 1806) and Chiroderma doriae Thomas, 1891 can be found, these are threatened bats, and three species, Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843), Myotis levis (I. Geoffroy, 1824) and Rogheessa tumida H. Allen, 1866, which are presumably threatened. Using the same effort of capture in the three places, it was stated that the "Floresta Nacional do Irati" with low vegetation diversity, showed nine species of bats. The "Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy", although it's five times smaller, fifteen species. We came to the conclusion that a big reserve, without good conditions would house a lower number of species. A small reserve with adequate resources and great vegetation diversity presents a higher number of niches, housing a higher number of species.

This paper reports the behavior of the black capped capuchin monkey, Cebus apella, using tools to break seeds of Syagrus romanzoffianum in search of coleoptera larvae that live inside. The study area was the Parque Municipal Arthur Thomas (85,47 ha) located in the city of Londrina, Paraná state. In one year of study, using the ad libitum method, the monkeys were observed using rocks pretty much in the same way as if they were hammer and anvil. Individuais of both sexes including adults, subadults and juveniles with more than two years of age, were involved in such activity. The behavior of the animais consisted of they place the seeds on a large rock in the ground, and using a smaller rock which was hold among the hands, the seeds were beaten repeatedly until breaking. Then they ate the larvae and/or endosperm. The use of tools is thought to have brought benefits to the animais by allowing the access to a source of food that would not normally be used.